Vertical exhaust duct for electronic equipment enclosure

ABSTRACT

An electronic equipment enclosure includes a frame structure at least partially enclosed by a plurality of panels defining a compartment in which one or more electronic components are mounted and an exhaust air duct that is adapted to segregate hot air being exhausted from the compartment from cool air entering the compartment, thereby improving thermal management of the enclosure. The exhaust duct includes a lower duct section extending upward from the top panel of the compartment and an upper duct section telescoping upward from an upper end of the lower duct section. Each duct section includes four panels connected together by hinged corner fittings such that the section is collapsible. The upper duct section includes an outwardly flared portion.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is a U.S. continuation patent application of,and claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 120 to, U.S. nonprovisional patentapplication Ser. No. 17/676,752, filed Feb. 21, 2022, which '752application published as U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US2022/0183190 A1 on Jun. 9, 2022, which '752 application issued as U.S.Pat. No. 11,547,020 on Jan. 3, 2023, which '752 application, theapplication publication thereof, and the patent issuing therefrom areeach expressly incorporated herein by reference in their entirety, andwhich '752 application is a U.S. continuation patent application of, andclaims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 120 to, U.S. nonprovisional patentapplication Ser. No. 17/008,034, filed Aug. 31, 2020, which '034application published as U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US2020/0396868 A1 on Dec. 17, 2020, which '034 application issued as U.S.Pat. No. 11,259,446 on Feb. 22, 2022, which '034 application, theapplication publication thereof, and the patent issuing therefrom areeach expressly incorporated herein by reference in their entirety, andwhich '034 application is a U.S. continuation patent application of, andclaims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 120 to, U.S. nonprovisional patentapplication Ser. No. 16/792,758, filed Feb. 17, 2020, which '758application published as U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US2020/0187387 A1 on Jun. 11, 2020, which '758 application issued as U.S.Pat. No. 10,765,037 on Sep. 1, 2020, which '758 application, theapplication publication thereof, and the patent issuing therefrom areeach expressly incorporated herein by reference in their entirety, andwhich '758 application is a U.S. continuation patent application of, andclaims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 120 to, U.S. nonprovisional patentapplication Ser. No. 16/450,353, filed Jun. 24, 2019, which '353application published as U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US2019/0313551 A1 on Oct. 10, 2019, which '353 application issued as U.S.Pat. No. 10,568,239 on Feb. 18, 2020, which '353 application, theapplication publication thereof, and the patent issuing therefrom areeach expressly incorporated herein by reference in their entirety, andwhich '353 application is a U.S. continuation patent application of, andclaims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 120 to, U.S. nonprovisional patentapplication Ser. No. 16/180,677, filed Nov. 5, 2018, which '677application published as U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US2019/0075685 A1 on Mar. 7, 2019, which '677 application issued as U.S.Pat. No. 10,334,761 on Jun. 25, 2019, which '677 application, theapplication publication thereof, and the patent issuing therefrom areeach expressly incorporated herein by reference in their entirety, andwhich '677 application is a U.S. continuation patent application of, andclaims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 120 to, U.S. nonprovisional patentapplication Ser. No. 15/784,751, filed Oct. 16, 2017, which '751application published as U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US2018/0042143 A1 on Feb. 8, 2018, which '751 application issued as U.S.Pat. No. 10,123,462 on Nov. 6, 2018, which '751 application, theapplication publication thereof, and the patent issuing therefrom areeach expressly incorporated herein by reference in their entirety, andwhich '751 application is a U.S. continuation patent application of, andclaims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 120 to, U.S. nonprovisional patentapplication Ser. No. 14/822,126, filed Aug. 10, 2015, which '126application published as U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US2015/0351289 A1 on Dec. 3, 2015, which '126 application issued as U.S.Pat. No. 9,801,309 on Oct. 24, 2017, which '126 application, theapplication publication thereof, and the patent issuing therefrom areeach expressly incorporated herein by reference in their entirety, andwhich '126 application is a U.S. continuation patent application of, andclaims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 120 to, U.S. nonprovisional patentapplication Ser. No. 14/286,335, filed May 23, 2014, which '335application published as U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US2014/0334099 A1 on Nov. 13, 2014, which '335 application issued as U.S.Pat. No. 9,119,329 on Aug. 25, 2015, which '335 application, theapplication publication thereof, and the patent issuing therefrom areeach expressly incorporated herein by reference in their entirety, andwhich '335 application is a U.S. continuation patent application of, andclaims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 120 to, U.S. nonprovisional patentapplication Ser. No. 13/348,820, filed Jan. 12, 2012, which '820application published as U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US2012/0194999 A1 on Aug. 2, 2012, which '820 application issued as U.S.Pat. No. 8,737,068 on May 27, 2014, which '820 application, theapplication publication thereof, and the patent issuing therefrom areeach expressly incorporated herein by reference in their entirety, andwhich '820 application is a U.S. continuation patent application of, andclaims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 120 to, U.S. nonprovisional patentapplication Ser. No. 12/555,697, filed Sep. 8, 2009, which '697application published as U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US2010/0061059 A1 on Mar. 11, 2010, which '697 application issued as U.S.Pat. No. 8,107,238 on Jan. 31, 2012, which '697 application, theapplication publication thereof, and the patent issuing therefrom areeach expressly incorporated herein by reference in their entirety, andwhich '697 application is:

-   -   (a) a continuation-in-part patent application of, and claims        priority under 35 U.S.C. § 120 to, U.S. nonprovisional patent        application Ser. No. 11/533,359, filed Sep. 19, 2006, which '359        application published as U.S. Patent Application Publication No.        US 2007/0064389 A1 on Mar. 22, 2007, which '359 application and        the application publication thereof are each expressly        incorporated herein by reference in their entirety, and which        '359 application is a U.S. nonprovisional patent application of,        and claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) to, U.S.        provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/718,548, filed Sep.        19, 2005, which '548 application is expressly incorporated        herein by reference in its entirety; and    -   (b) a U.S. nonprovisional patent application of, and claims        priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) to, U.S. provisional patent        application Ser. No. 61/095,147, filed Sep. 8, 2008 which '147        application is expressly incorporated herein by reference in its        entirety.

COPYRIGHT STATEMENT

All of the material in this patent document is subject to copyrightprotection under the copyright laws of the United States and of othercountries. The copyright owner has no objection to the facsimilereproduction by anyone of the patent document or the patent disclosure,as it appears in the Patent and Trademark Office patent file or records,but otherwise reserves all copyright rights whatsoever.

BACKGROUND OF THE PRESENT INVENTION Field of the Present Invention

The present invention relates generally to cabinets for rack-mountcomputer and data storage equipment, and, in particular, to thermalmanagement of cabinets for rack-mount computer and data storageequipment.

Background

Racks, frames and cabinets for mounting and storing computer and otherelectronic components or equipment have been well known for many years.Racks and frames are typically simple rectangular frameworks on whichelectronic components may be mounted, or on which other mountingmembers, such as shelves or brackets, may be mounted which in turn maysupport the electronic components. Cabinets are typically frames onwhich panels or doors, or both, are hung to provide aestheticimprovement, to protect the components from external influences, toprovide security for the components stored inside, or for other reasons.

Racks, frames and cabinets have been built in many different sizes andwith many different proportions in order to best accommodate thecomponents which they are designed to store. Components stored in theseenclosures may include audio and video equipment and the like, but quitefrequently include computer equipment and related peripheral devices.These components typically include housings enclosing internal operativeelements.

As is also well known, the electronic equipment mounted therein tends togenerate large amounts of thermal energy that needs to be exhausted awayfrom the equipment effectively in order to maintain the equipment inproper operating order or to prevent damage thereto. The problem can beespecially significant when the components are enclosed in cabinets,because thermal energy generated thereby can concentrate within theequipment enclosure and cause the components to overheat and shut down.As equipment becomes more densely packed with electronics, thequantities of thermal energy have continued to increase in recent years,and thermal energy management has become a significant issue confrontingtoday's rack, cabinet, frame and enclosure manufacturers, themanufacturers of the electronic equipment, and the users of suchequipment.

Typically, multiple racks, frames, cabinets, and the like (sometimescollectively referred to hereinafter as “enclosures”) are housedtogether in a data center. Because of the overheating problem, andparticularly with multiple enclosures being placed in a single room orother enclosed space, thermal management of the data center is veryimportant. A goal of data center thermal management is to maximize theperformance, uptime and life expectancy of the active components beinghoused in the data center. This goal is generally accomplished bymanaging the cold air delivered to each component such that the internaltemperature of the component does not exceed the manufacturer's maximumallowable operating temperature. Preferably, the cold air delivered tothe component is at or below the manufacturer's recommended temperatureand in sufficient volume to meet the airflow requirements of thecomponent, which are typically measured in cubic feet per minute (CFM).

A common type of operating environment for enclosures and the equipmentmounted therein is known as a “raised floor” system, wherein theenclosures are supported on a heavy-duty mechanical floor that isinstalled above the actual floor of the room at a given elevation. Onesignificant advantage of this approach is that cables, wires, waterpipes, and other utility connections may be routed to and from theenclosures via the space beneath the floor, thereby leaving the topsurface of the raised floor clear for locating enclosures and traversalby users. Another significant advantage, however, is that the spacebeneath the top surface of the raised floor serves as a plenum throughwhich cool air may likewise be distributed to the enclosures. Throughopen tiles or perforations or ventilations in the tiles comprising thesurface of the raised floor, this cool air may be supplied to theenclosures and used to cool the equipment inside.

Unfortunately, the use of perforated floor tiles, typically locateddirectly in front of enclosures to try to cause a maximum amount of coolair to be directed into the enclosures and not merely lost to theambient room, have been found to be insufficient in cooling theequipment within the enclosures to the desired degree. Thus, a number oftechniques and devices have been developed in recent years to moreefficiently utilize the capabilities of the Computer Room AirConditioner (“CRAC”) and to put the available cool air to the mostefficient use possible. Among others, these include improved strategiesinvolving perforated panels, such as those described in thecommonly-assigned U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/725,511,filed Oct. 10, 2005 and entitled “EFFICIENT USE OF PERFORATED PANELS INELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT CABINETS,” and also improved cool air distributionstrategies, such as those described in the commonly-assigned U.S.Provisional Patent Application No. 60/743,148, filed Jan. 20, 2006 andentitled “INTERNAL AIR DUCT,” the entirety of each of which isincorporated herein by reference.

The supply of cool air to the raised floor plenum, and the transfer ofthermal energy from the electronic equipment, is conventionally handledby the CRAC. Airflow through the plenum and into the enclosuresgenerally relies solely or at least primarily on the air pressuredifferential as measured between the raised floor plenum and the ambientroom. However, active means are often used to push or pull heated airout of the enclosures.

For a particular component, thermal energy is transferred from itshousing using forced air convection. More specifically, internal fansdraw or push air through the housing from front-to-rear over the heatedinternal elements within the housing. The air absorbs the thermal energyfrom the internal elements and carries it away as it exits the housing.

Airflow through a particular component housing is primarily controlledby the internal fan installed by the manufacturer. While it is possibleto reduce this throughput by constricting air flow through an enclosure,it is difficult to appreciably increase the airflow through a componenthousing.

In addition, the rate of transfer of thermal energy from the housingdoes not change very much for different intake air temperatures.Lowering the intake air temperature reduces the temperature of theprocessor(s) inside of the component, but the temperature change and thetotal cooling taking place for the component does not change for aconstant airflow. Therefore, any enclosure that does not choke theairflow through the component mounted inside and that preventsrecirculation should effectively dissipate most, if not all, of thethermal energy generated by the component.

Recent conventional thinking for the thermal management of data centersinvolves the use of an approach commonly referred to as the HotAisle/Cold Aisle approach. In this strategy, cold air aisles aresegregated from hot air aisles by enclosures being positioned betweenthem such that cold air aisles are in front of rows of enclosures andhot air aisles are behind these rows of enclosures. In this approach,the cold air and hot air aisles alternate. Ideally, air enters theenclosure from the cold air aisles and is exhausted from the enclosureinto the hot air aisles.

This approach works well in low to medium density data centerapplications. However, it does not perform well in many medium densityapplications and can not support high density applications withoutextreme discipline and additional air flow management devices outside ofthe enclosures to prevent hot exhaust recirculation into the cold aisle.

Further, Hot Aisle/Cold Aisle data center environments typically do notoperate at ideal conditions. Two common problems that affect thermalmanagement in general, and Hot Aisle/Cold Aisle in particular, arerecirculation and bypass. Recirculation occurs when hot exhaust airtravels back into the component intake air stream. Recirculation canoccur for a single component or for an entire enclosure. When thisoccurs, the exhaust airflow raises intake air temperatures and causescomponents to run at higher operating temperatures. Bypass occurs whencold source air bypasses the active component and travels directly intothe hot exhaust air stream. Similarly to recirculation, bypass may occurfor a single component or for a whole enclosure. Because cold source airis bypassing the active component, the air is not serving its intendedpurpose of transferring thermal energy away from the active component.As such, the bypassing air is essentially wasted, and the activecomponent retains its thermal energy until additional cold source aircontacts the active component thereby transferring the thermal energyaway from the component. Based on the foregoing, it is readily apparentthat bypass wastes energy. In addition, bypass contributes to humiditycontrol problems, and can indirectly contribute to recirculation. Underideal circumstances, all recirculation and bypass airflow can beeliminated.

Hot Aisle/Cold Aisle is a well-principled thermal management approach,i.e., segregating the cold source air in front of enclosures and hotexhaust air behind them does work. Unfortunately, maintaining thesegregation is difficult. In order to maintain proper segregation, theairflow delivered to each enclosure must roughly equal the airflowrequired by all of the active components in each enclosure. In addition,strict discipline and careful airflow balancing are required to maintainthis ideal operating condition in higher density data centerenvironments. While an initial installation may realize these idealconditions, moves, adds and changes, along with the demands forconstantly monitoring and rebalancing, frequently make maintaining thisideal operating condition impractical, if not outright impossible.

For example, one known airflow balancing technique employs variablespeed fans that are carefully monitored and controlled using appropriatecontrol methodologies. A drawback to the controlled variable speed fanapproach is the unpredictable nature of components, particularly serverusage. For example if a server is suddenly heavily burdened by aparticular software application, the server heats up, perhaps morequickly than expected, or more than can be handled quickly by acorresponding variable fan. The fan then quickly increases in speed inan attempt to respond to the sudden drastic increase in temperature ofthe server. The fan may not be able to sufficiently supply cooling airto the suddenly overheated server, and even if it is, such heatbalancing procedure is difficult, at best, to manage. It would be betterto avoid dependence on such a reactive approach to thermal management.

Cylindrical exhaust ducts have been added to enclosures in an effort toalleviate thermal management issues such as recirculation and bypass.The exhaust ducts generally extend upwardly away from a top surface ofthe enclosure near the rear of the enclosure and provide a path for hotexhaust air to be expelled. While available exhaust ducts are operativefor their intended purpose, an improved design thereof would further aidin alleviating thermal management issues. In addition, it has been foundthat heated air tends to pool or collect in portions of the interior ofenclosures rather than be guided to the exhaust ducts.

As such, a need exists for an improved design of exhaust ducts forcomponent storage enclosures. Further, additional thermal managementfeatures are needed in these enclosures. This, and other needs, areaddressed by one or more aspects of the present invention.

SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

The present invention includes many aspects and features. Moreover,while many aspects and features relate to, and are described in, thecontext of enclosures for storage of electronic equipment, the presentinvention is not limited to use only in enclosures for storage ofelectronic equipment, as will become apparent from the followingsummaries and detailed descriptions of aspects, features, and one ormore embodiments of the present invention.

Broadly defined, the present invention according to one aspect includesan electronic equipment enclosure comprising a frame structure formedfrom a plurality of support posts and at least partially enclosed by aplurality of panels. The panels include at least side, top and backpanels defining an enclosure having a top, a bottom and a rear thereof.The top panel includes an opening there through that is rectangular inshape. The equipment enclosure further comprises an exhaust air ductextending upward from the top panel of the enclosure. The exhaust airduct is rectangular in cross-section and is disposed in surroundingrelation to, and in fluid communication with, the top panel opening. Theexhaust air duct is adapted to segregate hot air being exhausted fromthe enclosure from cool air entering the enclosure, thereby improvingthermal management of the enclosure.

In a feature of this aspect, the top panel opening is disposed towardthe rear of the top panel. In accordance with this feature, the toppanel opening is disposed substantially adjacent the back panel of theenclosure. With regard to this feature, the dimensions of therectangular cross-section of the exhaust air duct are substantiallysimilar to the dimensions of the top panel opening.

In another feature, the top panel opening is disposed toward the rear ofthe enclosure. In an additional feature, the exhaust air duct isself-supporting. In yet another feature, the exhaust air duct is adaptedto be connected to a separate overhead structure in a room. With regardto this feature, the exhaust air duct is adapted to be connected to areturn air duct. With further regard to this feature, the exhaust airduct has a top edge and a mounting flange extending around the peripheryof the top edge for connection to a separate overhead structure in aroom.

In yet another feature, the height of the exhaust air duct isadjustable, thereby adjusting the distance to which the exhaust air ductextends above the top panel of the enclosure. With regard to thisfeature, the exhaust air duct includes a first rectangular open-endedduct section that nests inside a second rectangular open-ended ductsection, wherein the first duct section may be telescopically withdrawnfrom the second duct section.

In a further feature, the back panel is generally air-impervious toprevent heated air from escaping there through. In accordance with thisfeature, the back panel is a door panel that is connected at aconnection point to the frame structure. Seals are disposed at theconnection point between the back door panel and the frame structure. Infurtherance of this feature, the seals are brackets. With regard to thisfeature, the seals are metal. It is preferred that rubber or foamgaskets are included with the seals.

In an additional feature, the plurality of panels includes a bottompanel that has a brush opening arranged therein.

Broadly defined, the present invention according to another aspectincludes an electronic equipment enclosure comprising a frame structureformed from a plurality of support posts and at least partially enclosedby a plurality of panels. The panels include at least side, top and backpanels defining an enclosure having a top, a bottom and a rear thereof.The top panel includes an opening there through. The equipment enclosurefurther comprises an exhaust air duct extending upward from the toppanel of the enclosure. The exhaust air duct is disposed in generallysurrounding relation to, and in fluid communication with, the top panelopening. The enclosure further comprises an air diverter, disposed nearthe rear of the enclosure and angled upward to redirect, toward the topof the enclosure, heated air moving rearward through the enclosure. Theexhaust air duct and the air diverter cooperate to segregate hot airbeing exhausted from the enclosure from cool air entering the enclosure,thereby improving thermal management of the enclosure.

In a feature of this aspect, the top panel opening is rectangular inshape. In another feature, the top panel opening is disposed toward therear of the top panel. In an additional feature, the top panel openingis disposed substantially adjacent the back panel of the enclosure. Inaccordance with this feature, the exhaust air duct is rectangular incross-section, and the dimensions of the rectangular cross-section ofthe exhaust air duct are substantially similar to the dimensions of thetop panel opening.

In yet another feature, the top panel opening is disposed toward therear of the enclosure. In a further feature, the exhaust air duct isself-supporting. In still a further feature, the exhaust air duct isadapted to be connected to a separate overhead structure in a room. Inaccordance with this feature, the exhaust air duct is adapted to beconnected to a return air duct. With further regard to this feature, theexhaust air duct has a top edge and a mounting flange extending aroundthe periphery of the top edge for connection to a separate overheadstructure in a room.

In an additional feature, the height of the exhaust air duct isadjustable, thereby adjusting the distance to which the exhaust air ductextends above the top panel of the enclosure. In furtherance of thisfeature, the exhaust air duct includes a first rectangular open-endedduct section that nests inside a second rectangular open-ended ductsection, wherein the first duct section may be withdrawn from the secondduct section by a predetermined amount.

In another feature, the back panel is generally air-impervious toprevent heated air from escaping there through. With regard to thisfeature, the back panel is a door panel that is connected at aconnection point to the frame structure. Seals are disposed at theconnection point between the back door panel and the frame structure.With further regard to this feature, the seals are brackets. It ispreferred that the seals are metal. It is further preferred that rubberor foam gaskets are included with the seals.

In still yet another feature, the plurality of panels includes a bottompanel that has a brush opening arranged therein.

Broadly defined, the present invention according to yet another aspectincludes an exhaust air duct adapted to segregate hot air beingexhausted from an electronic equipment enclosure from cool air enteringthe enclosure, thereby improving thermal management of the enclosure,wherein the exhaust air duct includes four panels joined at side edgesthereof to form a rectangular shaped exhaust duct. Each of at least twoof the panels has a flange at a bottom edge thereof such that theexhaust air duct has a flange around a bottom periphery thereof.

In a feature of this aspect, each of all four of the panels has a flangeat a bottom edge such that the exhaust air duct has a flange around abottom periphery thereof. In another feature, the panels are constructedof a material that is self-supporting. In yet another feature, an upperend thereof is adapted to be connected to a separate overhead structurein a room. In accordance with this feature, the upper end thereof isadapted to be connected to a return air duct. With regard to thisfeature, the upper end thereof has a top edge and a mounting flangeextending around the periphery of the top edge for connection to aseparate overhead structure in a room.

In an additional feature, the height of the exhaust air duct isadjustable, thereby adjusting the distance to which the exhaust air ductextends above the top panel of the enclosure. With regard to thisfeature, the exhaust air duct includes a first rectangular open-endedduct section that nests inside a second rectangular open-ended ductsection, wherein the first duct section may be telescopically withdrawnfrom the second duct section. In accordance with this feature, thetelescopically withdrawn duct section is self-supporting. Further inaccordance with this feature, the telescopically withdrawn duct sectionmay be affixed to the second duct section at a user-controlled verticaldisposition relative to the second duct section. It is preferred that atleast one of the duct sections includes a plurality of columns ofevenly-spaced openings adapted to facilitate the connection of the twoduct sections together to effectuate the user-controlled verticaldisposition.

Broadly defined, the present invention according to another aspectincludes an electronic equipment enclosure having a frame structure atleast partially enclosed by a plurality of panels defining a compartmentin which one or more electronic components are mounted and an extendibleexhaust air duct extending upward from the top panel of the compartment.The exhaust air duct is adapted to segregate hot air being exhaustedfrom the compartment from cool air entering the compartment, therebyimproving thermal management of the enclosure.

In a feature of this aspect, the extendible exhaust air duct is adaptedto telescope in length.

Broadly defined, the present invention according to another aspectincludes an electronic equipment enclosure for mounting one or moreelectronic components. The electronic equipment enclosure includes aframe structure formed from a plurality of support posts and at leastpartially enclosed by a plurality of panels, the panels including atleast side, top and back panels defining a compartment in which the oneor more electronic components are mounted. The compartment has a top, abottom and a rear, and the top panel includes an opening therethroughthat is rectangular in shape. The electronic equipment enclosure furtherincludes an extendible exhaust air duct extending upward from the toppanel of the compartment. The exhaust air duct is rectangular incross-section and is disposed in surrounding relation to, and in fluidcommunication with, the top panel opening; and the exhaust air duct isadapted to segregate hot air being exhausted from the compartment fromcool air entering the compartment, thereby improving thermal managementof the enclosure.

In a feature of this aspect, the extendible exhaust air duct is adaptedto telescope in length.

Broadly defined, the present invention according to another aspectincludes an electronic equipment enclosure having a frame structure atleast partially enclosed by a plurality of panels defining a compartmentin which one or more electronic components are mounted and a collapsibleexhaust air duct extending upward from the top panel of the compartment.The exhaust air duct is adapted to segregate hot air being exhaustedfrom the compartment from cool air entering the compartment, therebyimproving thermal management of the enclosure.

In features of this aspect, the collapsible exhaust air duct is adaptedto telescope in length. In another feature of this aspect, and thecollapsible exhaust air duct includes four side panels that are hingedrelative to each other, thereby facilitating the collapse of the exhaustair duct from a use state to a flattened state.

In other features of this aspect, the four side panels are connected attheir corners by a hinged corner fitting; a corner lock is coupled toone of the corner fittings and adapted to maintain the side panels inthe use state; each corner lock includes a main body, a lock plate, anda lock screw; each corner fitting extends substantially along the lengthof each of an edge of a respective panel and an edge of a respectiveadjacent panel; an upper edge of each side panel is flared outward; anda respective seal is attached to the upper edge of each side panel tolimit air escaping from between an upper end of the duct section and aceiling structure.

Broadly defined, the present invention according to another aspectincludes an electronic equipment enclosure for mounting one or moreelectronic components. The electronic equipment enclosure includes aframe structure formed from a plurality of support posts and at leastpartially enclosed by a plurality of panels, the panels including atleast side, top and back panels defining a compartment in which the oneor more electronic components are mounted. The compartment has a top, abottom and a rear, and the top panel includes an opening therethroughthat is rectangular in shape. The electronic equipment enclosure furtherincludes a collapsible exhaust air duct extending upward from the toppanel of the compartment. The exhaust air duct is rectangular incross-section and is disposed in surrounding relation to, and in fluidcommunication with, the top panel opening; and the exhaust air duct isadapted to segregate hot air being exhausted from the compartment fromcool air entering the compartment, thereby improving thermal managementof the enclosure.

In features of this aspect, the collapsible exhaust air duct is adaptedto telescope in length, and the collapsible exhaust air duct includesfour side panels that are hinged relative to each other, therebyfacilitating the collapse of the exhaust air duct from a use state to aflattened state.

In other features of this aspect, the four air duct panels are connectedat their corners by a hinged corner fitting; a corner lock is coupled toone of the corner fittings and adapted to maintain the air duct panelsin the use state; each corner lock includes a main body, a lock plate,and a lock screw; each corner fitting extends substantially along thelength of each of an edge of a respective panel and an edge of arespective adjacent panel; an upper edge of each air duct panel isflared outward; and a respective seal is attached to the upper edge ofeach air duct panel to limit air escaping from between an upper end ofthe duct section and a ceiling structure.

Broadly defined, the present invention according to another aspectincludes an electronic equipment enclosure, including a frame structureat least partially enclosed by a plurality of panels defining acompartment in which one or more electronic components are mounted andan exhaust air duct with a lower duct section extending upward from thetop panel of the compartment and an upper duct section extending upwardfrom an upper end of the lower duct section. The exhaust air duct isadapted to segregate hot air being exhausted from the compartment fromcool air entering the compartment, thereby improving thermal managementof the enclosure.

In features of this aspect, the upper duct section is adapted totelescope from the lower duct section; each duct section includes fourflat side panels connected at their corners by a corner fitting; eachcorner fitting is hinged; each corner fitting in the lower duct sectionis slidably coupled to a respective corner fitting in the upper ductsection; a corner lock is coupled to one of the corner fittings andadapted to maintain the position of the upper duct section relative tothe lower duct section; each corner lock includes a main body, a lockplate, and a lock screw; each corner fitting includes a pair of clampfingers on the outer side thereof for engaging the respective cornerlock; each corner fitting includes a pair of fingers defining a panelchannel in which an edge of a side panel is inserted and retained; eachside panel includes a plurality of raised structures along its lateraledges, and the structures are engaged within the panel channel; eachraised structure is a boss; and each corner fitting extendssubstantially along the length of each of an edge of a respective paneland an edge of a respective adjacent panel.

In other features of this aspect, the upper duct section telescopes fromwithin the lower duct section; a respective seal is attached to an upperedge of each panel of the lower duct section to limit air escaping frombetween the upper end of the lower duct section and a lower end of theupper duct section; each side panel includes a plurality of raisedstructures along its upper edge, and the structures are engaged within achannel of the seal; and each raised structure is an outwardly-extendingtab.

In still other features of this aspect, the upper duct sectiontelescopes from around the periphery of the lower duct section, and arespective seal is attached to a lower edge of each panel of the upperduct section to limit air escaping from between the upper end of thelower duct section and a lower end of the upper duct section.

In still yet another feature of this aspect, at least one panel in afirst of the two duct sections includes a column of openings, and arespective corresponding panel in a second of the two duct sectionsincludes a corresponding mounting feature such that when the first ductsection and the second duct section are telescopically assembled to eachother, the mounting feature of the second duct section may be alignedwith any opening of the column of openings, thereby facilitating theattachment of the second duct section to the first duct section at adesired height.

Broadly defined, the present invention according to another aspectincludes an electronic equipment enclosure for mounting one or moreelectronic components, including a frame structure formed from aplurality of support posts and at least partially enclosed by aplurality of panels. The panels include at least side, top and backpanels defining a compartment in which the one or more electroniccomponents are mounted. The compartment has a top, a bottom and a rear,and the top panel includes an opening therethrough that is rectangularin shape. The electronic equipment enclosure further includes an exhaustair duct with a lower duct section extending upward from the top panelof the compartment, and an upper duct section extending upward from anupper end of the lower duct section. Each duct section is rectangular incross-section, and a lower end of the lower duct section is disposed insurrounding relation to, and in fluid communication with, the top panelopening. The exhaust air duct is adapted to segregate hot air beingexhausted from the compartment from cool air entering the compartment,thereby improving thermal management of the enclosure.

In features of this aspect, the upper duct section is adapted totelescope from the lower duct section; each duct section includes fourflat side panels connected at their corners by a corner fitting; eachcorner fitting is hinged; each corner fitting in the lower duct sectionis slidably coupled to a respective corner fitting in the upper ductsection; a corner lock is coupled to one of the corner fittings andadapted to maintain the position of the upper duct section relative tothe lower duct section; each corner lock includes a main body, a lockplate, and a lock screw; and each corner fitting includes a pair ofclamp fingers on the outer side thereof for engaging the respectivecorner lock.

In other features of this aspect, each corner fitting includes a pair offingers defining a panel channel in which an edge of an air duct panelis inserted and retained; each air duct panel includes a plurality ofraised structures along its lateral edges, and the structures areengaged within the panel channel; and each raised structure is a boss.

In another feature of this aspect, each corner fitting extendssubstantially along the length of each of an edge of a respective paneland an edge of a respective adjacent panel.

In still other features of this aspect, the upper duct sectiontelescopes from within the lower duct section; a respective seal isattached to an upper edge of each panel of the lower duct section tolimit air escaping from between the upper end of the lower duct sectionand a lower end of the upper duct section; each air duct panel includesa plurality of raised structures along its upper edge, and thestructures are engaged within a channel of the seal; each raisedstructure is an outwardly-extending tab; the upper duct sectiontelescopes from around the periphery of the lower duct section; and arespective seal is attached to a lower edge of each panel of the upperduct section to limit air escaping from between the upper end of thelower duct section and a lower end of the upper duct section.

In still yet another feature of this aspect, at least one panel in afirst of the two duct sections includes a column of openings. Arespective corresponding panel in a second of the two duct sectionsincludes a corresponding mounting feature such that when the first ductsection and the second duct section are telescopically assembled to eachother, the mounting feature of the second duct section may be alignedwith any opening of the column of openings, thereby facilitating theattachment of the second duct section to the first duct section at adesired height.

Broadly defined, the present invention according to another aspectincludes an electronic equipment enclosure, including a frame structureat least partially enclosed by a plurality of panels defining acompartment in which one or more electronic components are mounted, andan exhaust air duct, having four side panels connected by four cornerfittings, extending upward from the top panel of the compartment. Theexhaust air duct is adapted to segregate hot air being exhausted fromthe compartment from cool air entering the compartment, therebyimproving thermal management of the enclosure.

In features of this aspect, each corner fitting extends substantiallyalong the length of each of an edge of a respective panel and an edge ofa respective adjacent panel; the exhaust air duct is adapted totelescope in length; the corner fittings include hinges, therebyfacilitating the collapse of the exhaust air duct from a use state to aflattened state; each hinge is a living hinge; ach corner fitting isformed in an extrusion process; each corner fitting has a uniformcross-section; and each panel of the exhaust air duct is planar in form.

In other features of this aspect, a corner lock is coupled to one of thecorner fittings and adapted to maintain the side panels in the usestate; each corner lock includes a main body, a lock plate, and a lockscrew; an upper edge of each side panel is flared outward; and arespective seal is attached to the upper edge of each side panel tolimit air escaping from between an upper end of the duct section and aceiling structure.

In other features of this aspect, each corner fitting includes twofinger arrays connected together by the hinge; each finger arrayincludes a pair of fingers defining a channel; and each pair of fingersincludes a latch finger with a hook adapted to fit over a raisedstructure on a side panel.

In still other features of this aspect, each corner fitting is formed ina co-extrusion process using a first material for the hinge and a secondmaterial for the remainder of the corner fitting, and each cornerfitting has a uniform cross-section.

In still yet other features of this aspect, each corner fitting includesa pair of fingers defining a panel channel in which an edge of a sidepanel is inserted and retained; and each side panel includes a pluralityof raised structures along its lateral edges, and the structures areengaged within the panel channel.

Broadly defined, the present invention according to another aspectincludes an electronic equipment enclosure for mounting one or moreelectronic components, including a frame structure formed from aplurality of support posts and at least partially enclosed by aplurality of panels. The panels include at least side, top and backpanels defining a compartment in which the one or more electroniccomponents are mounted. The compartment has a top, a bottom and a rear,and the top panel includes an opening therethrough that is rectangularin shape. The electronic equipment enclosure further includes an exhaustair duct, having four side panels connected by four corner fittings,extending upward from the top panel of the compartment. The exhaust airduct is rectangular in cross-section and is disposed in surroundingrelation to, and in fluid communication with, the top panel opening, andthe exhaust air duct is adapted to segregate hot air being exhaustedfrom the compartment from cool air entering the compartment, therebyimproving thermal management of the enclosure.

In features of this aspect, each corner fitting extends substantiallyalong the length of each of an edge of a respective panel and an edge ofa respective adjacent panel; the exhaust air duct is adapted totelescope in length; each corner fitting is formed in an extrusionprocess; each corner fitting has a uniform cross-section; and each panelof the exhaust air duct is planar in form.

In other features of this aspect, the corner fittings include hinges,thereby facilitating the collapse of the exhaust air duct from a usestate to a flattened state; a corner lock is coupled to one of thecorner fittings and adapted to maintain the air duct panels in the usestate; each corner lock includes a main body, a lock plate, and a lockscrew; an upper edge of each air duct panel is flared outward; arespective seal is attached to the upper edge of each air duct panel tolimit air escaping from between an upper end of the duct section and aceiling structure; each hinge is a living hinge; each corner fittingincludes two finger arrays connected together by the hinge; each fingerarray includes a pair of fingers defining a channel; each pair offingers includes a latch finger with a hook adapted to fit over a raisedstructure on an air duct panel; each corner fitting is formed in aco-extrusion process using a first material for the hinge and a secondmaterial for the remainder of the corner fitting; and each cornerfitting has a uniform cross-section.

In still other features of this aspect, each corner fitting includes apair of fingers defining a panel channel in which an edge of an air ductpanel is inserted and retained; and each air duct panel includes aplurality of raised structures along its lateral edges, and thestructures are engaged within the panel channel.

Broadly defined, the present invention according to another aspectincludes an extendible exhaust air duct, for an electronic equipmentenclosure having a frame structure at least partially enclosed by aplurality of panels defining a compartment in which one or moreelectronic components are mounted, that is adapted to extend upward fromthe top panel of the compartment, and that is adapted to segregate hotair being exhausted from the compartment from cool air entering thecompartment, thereby improving thermal management of the enclosure.

In a feature of this aspect, the extendible exhaust air duct is adaptedto telescope in length.

Broadly defined, the present invention according to another aspectincludes an extendible exhaust air duct for an electronic equipmentenclosure that includes a frame structure formed from a plurality ofsupport posts and at least partially enclosed by a plurality of panels.The panels include at least side, top and back panels defining acompartment in which the one or more electronic components are mounted.The compartment has a top, a bottom and a rear, and the top panelincludes an opening therethrough that is rectangular in shape. Theextendible exhaust air duct is adapted to extend upward from the toppanel of the compartment; the exhaust air duct is rectangular incross-section and is disposed in surrounding relation to, and in fluidcommunication with, the top panel opening; and the exhaust air duct isadapted to segregate hot air being exhausted from the compartment fromcool air entering the compartment, thereby improving thermal managementof the enclosure.

In a feature of this aspect, the extendible exhaust air duct is adaptedto telescope in length.

Broadly defined, the present invention according to another aspectincludes a collapsible exhaust duct, for an electronic equipmentenclosure having a frame structure at least partially enclosed by aplurality of panels defining a compartment in which one or moreelectronic components are mounted, that is adapted to extend upward fromthe top panel of the compartment, and that is adapted to segregate hotair being exhausted from the compartment from cool air entering thecompartment, thereby improving thermal management of the enclosure.

In a feature of this aspect, the collapsible exhaust duct is adapted totelescope in length.

In other features of this aspect, the collapsible exhaust duct includesfour side panels that are hinged relative to each other, therebyfacilitating the collapse of the exhaust duct from a use state to aflattened state; the four side panels are connected at their corners bya hinged corner fitting; a corner lock is coupled to one of the cornerfittings and adapted to maintain the exhaust duct panels in the usestate; each corner lock includes a main body, a lock plate, and a lockscrew; each corner fitting extends substantially along the length ofeach of an edge of a respective panel and an edge of a respectiveadjacent panel; an upper edge of each exhaust duct panel is flaredoutward; and a respective seal is attached to the upper edge of eachexhaust duct panel to limit air escaping from between an upper end ofthe duct section and a ceiling structure.

Broadly defined, the present invention according to another aspectincludes a collapsible exhaust duct for an electronic equipmentenclosure having a frame structure formed from a plurality of supportposts and at least partially enclosed by a plurality of panels. Thepanels include at least side, top and back panels defining a compartmentin which the one or more electronic components are mounted. Thecompartment has a top, a bottom and a rear, and the top panel includesan opening therethrough that is rectangular in shape. The collapsibleexhaust duct is adapted to extend upward from the top panel of thecompartment; the exhaust duct is rectangular in cross-section and isdisposed in surrounding relation to, and in fluid communication with,the top panel opening; and the exhaust duct is adapted to segregate hotair being exhausted from the compartment from cool air entering thecompartment, thereby improving thermal management of the enclosure.

In a feature of this aspect, the collapsible exhaust duct is adapted totelescope in length.

In other features of this aspect, the collapsible exhaust duct includesfour side panels that are hinged relative to each other, therebyfacilitating the collapse of the exhaust duct from a use state to aflattened state; the four exhaust duct panels are connected at theircorners by a hinged corner fitting; a corner lock is coupled to one ofthe corner fittings and adapted to maintain the exhaust duct panels inthe use state; each corner lock includes a main body, a lock plate, anda lock screw; each corner fitting extends substantially along the lengthof each of an edge of a respective panel and an edge of a respectiveadjacent panel; an upper edge of each exhaust duct panel is flaredoutward; and a respective seal is attached to the upper edge of eachexhaust duct panel to limit air escaping from between an upper end ofthe duct section and a ceiling structure.

Broadly defined, the present invention according to another aspectincludes an exhaust duct for an electronic equipment enclosure having aframe structure at least partially enclosed by a plurality of panelsdefining a compartment in which one or more electronic components aremounted. The exhaust duct includes a lower duct section extending upwardfrom the top panel of the compartment and an upper duct sectionextending upward from an upper end of the lower duct section. Theexhaust duct is adapted to segregate hot air being exhausted from thecompartment from cool air entering the compartment, thereby improvingthermal management of the enclosure.

In a feature of this aspect, the upper duct section is adapted totelescope from the lower duct section.

In other features of this aspect, each duct section includes four flatside panels connected at their corners by a corner fitting; each cornerfitting is hinged; each corner fitting in the lower duct section isslidably coupled to a respective corner fitting in the upper ductsection; a corner lock is coupled to one of the corner fittings andadapted to maintain the position of the upper duct section relative tothe lower duct section; each corner lock includes a main body, a lockplate, and a lock screw; each corner fitting includes a pair of clampfingers on the outer side thereof for engaging the respective cornerlock; each corner fitting includes a pair of fingers defining a panelchannel in which an edge of an exhaust duct panel is inserted andretained; each panel includes a plurality of raised structures along itslateral edges, and the structures are engaged within the panel channel;each raised structure is a boss; and each corner fitting extendssubstantially along the length of each of an edge of a respective paneland an edge of a respective adjacent panel.

In other features of this aspect, the upper duct section telescopes fromwithin the lower duct section; a respective seal is attached to an upperedge of each panel of the lower duct section to limit air escaping frombetween the upper end of the lower duct section and a lower end of theupper duct section; each exhaust duct panel includes a plurality ofraised structures along its upper edge, and the structures are engagedwithin a channel of the seal; and each raised structure is anoutwardly-extending tab.

In still other features of this aspect, the upper duct sectiontelescopes from around the periphery of the lower duct section, and arespective seal is attached to a lower edge of each panel of the upperduct section to limit air escaping from between the upper end of thelower duct section and a lower end of the upper duct section.

In still yet another feature of this aspect, at least one panel in afirst of the two duct sections includes a column of openings, and arespective corresponding panel in a second of the two duct sectionsincludes a corresponding mounting feature such that when the first ductsection and the second duct section are telescopically assembled to eachother, the mounting feature of the second duct section may be alignedwith any opening of the column of openings, thereby facilitating theattachment of the second duct section to the first duct section at adesired height.

Broadly defined, the present invention according to another aspectincludes an exhaust duct for an electronic equipment enclosure having aframe structure formed from a plurality of support posts and at leastpartially enclosed by a plurality of panels. The panels include at leastside, top and back panels defining a compartment in which the one ormore electronic components are mounted. The compartment has a top, abottom and a rear, and the top panel includes an opening therethroughthat is rectangular in shape. The exhaust duct includes a lower ductsection extending upward from the top panel of the compartment and anupper duct section extending upward from an upper end of the lower ductsection. Each duct section is rectangular in cross-section; and, whendisposed in surrounding relation to, and in fluid communication with,the top panel opening, the exhaust duct is adapted to segregate hot airbeing exhausted from the compartment from cool air entering thecompartment, thereby improving thermal management of the enclosure.

In a feature of this aspect, the upper duct section is adapted totelescope from the lower duct section.

In other features of this aspect, each duct section includes four flatside panels connected at their corners by a corner fitting; each cornerfitting is hinged; each corner fitting in the lower duct section isslidably coupled to a respective corner fitting in the upper ductsection; a corner lock is coupled to one of the corner fittings andadapted to maintain the position of the upper duct section relative tothe lower duct section; each corner lock includes a main body, a lockplate, and a lock screw; each corner fitting includes a pair of clampfingers on the outer side thereof for engaging the respective cornerlock; each corner fitting includes a pair of fingers defining a panelchannel in which an edge of an exhaust duct panel is inserted andretained; each panel includes a plurality of raised structures along itslateral edges, and the structures are engaged within the panel channel;each raised structure is a boss; and each corner fitting extendssubstantially along the length of each of an edge of a respectiveexhaust duct panel and an edge of a respective adjacent exhaust ductpanel.

In other features of this aspect, the upper duct section telescopes fromwithin the lower duct section; a respective seal is attached to an upperedge of each panel of the lower duct section to limit air escaping frombetween the upper end of the lower duct section and a lower end of theupper duct section; each exhaust duct panel includes a plurality ofraised structures along its upper edge, and the structures are engagedwithin a channel of the seal; and each raised structure is anoutwardly-extending tab.

In still other features of this aspect, the upper duct sectiontelescopes from around the periphery of the lower duct section, and arespective seal is attached to a lower edge of each panel of the upperduct section to limit air escaping from between the upper end of thelower duct section and a lower end of the upper duct section.

In still yet another feature of this aspect, at least one panel in afirst of the two duct sections includes a column of openings, and arespective corresponding panel in a second of the two duct sectionsincludes a corresponding mounting feature such that when the first ductsection and the second duct section are telescopically assembled to eachother, the mounting feature of the second duct section may be alignedwith any opening of the column of openings, thereby facilitating theattachment of the second duct section to the first duct section at adesired height.

Broadly defined, the present invention according to another aspectincludes an exhaust duct for an electronic equipment enclosure having aframe structure at least partially enclosed by a plurality of panelsdefining a compartment in which one or more electronic components aremounted. The exhaust duct includes four side panels connected by fourcorner fittings, adapted to extend upward from the top panel of thecompartment, and the exhaust duct is adapted to segregate hot air beingexhausted from the compartment from cool air entering the compartment,thereby improving thermal management of the enclosure.

In features of this aspect, each corner fitting extends substantiallyalong the length of each of an edge of a respective panel and an edge ofa respective adjacent panel; the exhaust duct is adapted to telescope inlength; each corner fitting is formed in an extrusion process; and eachcorner fitting has a uniform cross-section.

In other features of this aspect, the corner fittings include hinges,thereby facilitating the collapse of the exhaust duct from a use stateto a flattened state; a corner lock is coupled to one of the cornerfittings and adapted to maintain the exhaust duct panels in the usestate; each corner lock includes a main body, a lock plate, and a lockscrew; an upper edge of each exhaust duct panel is flared outward; arespective seal is attached to the upper edge of each exhaust duct panelto limit air escaping from between an upper end of the duct section anda ceiling structure; each hinge is a living hinge; each corner fittingincludes two finger arrays connected together by the hinge; each fingerarray includes a pair of fingers defining a channel; each pair offingers includes a latch finger with a hook adapted to fit over a raisedstructure on an exhaust duct panel; each corner fitting is formed in aco-extrusion process using a first material for the hinge and a secondmaterial for the remainder of the corner fitting; and each cornerfitting has a uniform cross-section.

In still other features of this aspect, each corner fitting includes apair of fingers defining a panel channel in which an edge of an exhaustduct panel is inserted and retained, and each exhaust duct panelincludes a plurality of raised structures along its lateral edges, andthe structures are engaged within the panel channel.

Broadly defined, the present invention according to another aspectincludes an exhaust duct for an electronic equipment enclosure having aframe structure formed from a plurality of support posts and at leastpartially enclosed by a plurality of panels. The panels include at leastside, top and back panels defining a compartment in which the one ormore electronic components are mounted. The compartment has a top, abottom and a rear, and the top panel includes an opening therethroughthat is rectangular in shape. The exhaust duct includes four side panelsconnected by four corner fittings, and is adapted to extend upward fromthe top panel of the compartment. Furthermore, the exhaust duct isrectangular in cross-section; and, when disposed in surrounding relationto, and in fluid communication with, the top panel opening, the exhaustduct is adapted to segregate hot air being exhausted from thecompartment from cool air entering the compartment, thereby improvingthermal management of the enclosure.

In features of this aspect, each corner fitting extends substantiallyalong the length of each of an edge of a respective panel and an edge ofa respective adjacent panel; the exhaust duct is adapted to telescope inlength; each corner fitting is formed in an extrusion process; and eachcorner fitting has a uniform cross-section.

In other features of this aspect, the corner fittings include hinges,thereby facilitating the collapse of the exhaust duct from a use stateto a flattened state; a corner lock is coupled to one of the cornerfittings and adapted to maintain the exhaust duct panels in the usestate; each corner lock includes a main body, a lock plate, and a lockscrew; an upper edge of each exhaust duct panel is flared outward; arespective seal is attached to the upper edge of each exhaust duct panelto limit air escaping from between an upper end of the duct section anda ceiling structure; each hinge is a living hinge; each corner fittingincludes two finger arrays connected together by the hinge; each fingerarray includes a pair of fingers defining a channel; each pair offingers includes a latch finger with a hook adapted to fit over a raisedstructure on an exhaust duct panel; each corner fitting is formed in aco-extrusion process using a first material for the hinge and a secondmaterial for the remainder of the corner fitting; and each cornerfitting has a uniform cross-section.

In still other features of this aspect, each corner fitting includes apair of fingers defining a panel channel in which an edge of an exhaustduct panel is inserted and retained, and each exhaust duct panelincludes a plurality of raised structures along its lateral edges, andthe structures are engaged within the panel channel.

Broadly defined, the present invention according to another aspectincludes a method of installing an exhaust duct on an electronicequipment enclosure having a frame structure formed from a plurality ofsupport posts and at least partially enclosed by a plurality of panels.The panels include at least side, top and back panels defining acompartment in which the one or more electronic components are mounted.The compartment has a top, a bottom and a rear, and the top panelincludes an opening therethrough that is rectangular in shape. Themethod includes the steps of providing an exhaust duct, having four sidepanels connected to one another by hinges, in a collapsed state; openingthe exhaust duct by rotating the panels relative to each other, aboutthe hinges, to place the exhaust duct in a use state; and attaching alower end of the exhaust duct to the equipment enclosure such that aninterior of the exhaust duct is in fluid communication with an interiorof the compartment via the opening in the top panel of the enclosure.

In a feature of this aspect, in the use state, the exhaust duct has arectangular cross-section.

In other features of this aspect, the providing step includes shippingthe exhaust duct to an installation site, and the providing stepincludes, prior to shipping the exhaust duct to an installation site,connecting a corner fitting, incorporating at least one of the hinges,to a lateral edge of a first panel and a lateral edge of a second panel.

Broadly defined, the present invention according to still another aspectincludes an electronic equipment enclosure for mounting one or moreelectronic components having a frame structure formed from a pluralityof support posts and at least partially enclosed by a plurality ofpanels. The panels include at least side, top and back panels defining acompartment in which the one or more electronic components are mounted.The compartment has a top, a bottom and a rear, and the top panelincludes an opening therethrough that is rectangular in shape. Theelectronic equipment enclosure includes an exhaust air duct having atleast one duct section having four side panels, each side panel havingan outwardly flared portion at an upper edge thereof, extending upwardfrom the top panel of the compartment. The exhaust air duct isrectangular in cross-section and is disposed in surrounding relation to,and in fluid communication with, the top panel opening. The exhaust airduct is adapted to segregate hot air being exhausted from thecompartment from cool air entering the compartment, thereby improvingthermal management of the enclosure.

In features of this aspect, each outwardly flared portion includes anoutwardly angled portion of a respective upper portion of a side panel;the electronic equipment enclosure further comprises a top seal mountedon each respective upper edge; and each air duct side panel is generallyplanar in form, and each outwardly flared portion includes an outwardlyflared top seal mounted on an upper edge of a respective air duct sidepanel.

Broadly defined, the present invention according to still yet anotheraspect includes an exhaust duct for an electronic equipment enclosurehaving a frame structure formed from a plurality of support posts and atleast partially enclosed by a plurality of panels. The panels include atleast side, top and back panels defining a compartment in which the oneor more electronic components are mounted. The compartment has a top, abottom and a rear, and the top panel includes an opening therethroughthat is rectangular in shape. The exhaust duct includes at least oneduct section having four side panels, each side having an outwardlyflared portion at an upper edge thereof. The exhaust duct is adapted toextend upward from the top panel of the compartment; the exhaust duct isrectangular in cross-section; and when disposed in surrounding relationto, and in fluid communication with, the top panel opening, the exhaustduct is adapted to segregate hot air being exhausted from thecompartment from cool air entering the compartment, thereby improvingthermal management of the enclosure.

In features of this aspect, each outwardly flared portion includes anoutwardly angled portion of a respective upper portion of a side panel;the exhaust duct further comprises a top seal mounted on each respectiveupper edge; and each air duct side panel is generally planar in form,and each outwardly flared portion includes an outwardly flared top sealmounted on an upper edge of a respective air duct side panel.

Further areas of applicability of the present invention will becomeapparent from the detailed description provided hereinafter. It shouldbe understood that the detailed description and specific examples, whileindicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended forpurposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope ofthe invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Further features, embodiments, and advantages of the present inventionwill become apparent from the following detailed description withreference to the drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a rear isometric view of a ducted exhaust equipment enclosurein accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a left plan view of the ducted exhaust equipment enclosure ofFIG. 1 ;

FIG. 3 is a rear plan view of the ducted exhaust equipment enclosure ofFIG. 1 ;

FIG. 4 is a front plan view of the ducted exhaust equipment enclosure ofFIG. 1 ;

FIG. 5 is a top plan view of the ducted exhaust equipment enclosure ofFIG. 1 ;

FIG. 6 is a bottom plan view of the ducted exhaust equipment enclosureof FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 7 is a left side cross-sectional view of the ducted exhaustequipment enclosure of FIG. 1 , taken along the line 7-7;

FIG. 8 is an isometric view of the exhaust air duct of FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 9 is an isometric view of an exemplary telescoping exhaust airduct, for use with the ducted exhaust equipment enclosure of FIG. 1 , inaccordance with one or more preferred embodiments of the presentinvention;

FIG. 10 is an isometric view of another exemplary telescoping exhaustair duct, for use with the ducted exhaust equipment enclosure of FIG. 1, in accordance with one or more preferred embodiments of the presentinvention;

FIG. 11 is an isometric view of the telescoping exhaust air duct showninstalled on the ducted exhaust equipment enclosure of FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 12 is a partially exploded isometric view of some of the elementsof the upper duct section of the telescoping exhaust air duct of FIG. 10;

FIG. 13 is a partially exploded isometric view of some of the elementsof the lower duct section of the telescoping exhaust air duct of FIG. 10;

FIG. 14 is an enlarged, partially exploded isometric view of portions ofthe elements of FIG. 13 ;

FIG. 15 is a side cross-sectional view of one of the panels of the upperduct section;

FIG. 16 is an end plan view of one of the corner fittings of FIG. 10 ;

FIG. 17 is an end cross-sectional view of one of the corner fittings ofFIG. 10 ;

FIG. 18 is an enlarged end view of a portion of the telescoping exhaustair duct of FIG. 10 ;

FIG. 19 is an enlarged isometric view of a portion of the telescopingexhaust air duct of FIG. 10 ;

FIG. 20 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of thetelescoping exhaust air duct of FIG. 10 , taken along line 20-20;

FIGS. 21A-21D are a series of end views of one of the duct sections ofFIG. 10 , illustrating its collapsibility feature;

FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram illustrating a top view of a cylindricalexhaust duct mounted on the top panel of an enclosure;

FIG. 23 is a front orthogonal view of the scoop of FIG. 7 ;

FIG. 24 is a rear isometric view of the ducted exhaust equipmentenclosure of FIG. 1 , shown installed on a raised floor;

FIG. 25 is a side cross-sectional view of the ducted exhaust equipmentenclosure of FIG. 24 , taken along the line 25-25; and

FIG. 26 is a schematic illustration of a series of ducted exhaustequipment enclosures.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

As a preliminary matter, it will readily be understood by one havingordinary skill in the relevant art (“Ordinary Artisan”) that the presentinvention has broad utility and application. Furthermore, any embodimentdiscussed and identified as being “preferred” is considered to be partof a best mode contemplated for carrying out the present invention.Other embodiments also may be discussed for additional illustrativepurposes in providing a full and enabling disclosure of the presentinvention. Moreover, many embodiments, such as adaptations, variations,modifications, and equivalent arrangements, will be implicitly disclosedby the embodiments described herein and fall within the scope of thepresent invention.

Accordingly, while the present invention is described herein in detailin relation to one or more embodiments, it is to be understood that thisdisclosure is illustrative and exemplary of the present invention, andis made merely for the purposes of providing a full and enablingdisclosure of the present invention. The detailed disclosure herein ofone or more embodiments is not intended, nor is to be construed, tolimit the scope of patent protection afforded the present invention,which scope is to be defined by the claims and the equivalents thereof.It is not intended that the scope of patent protection afforded thepresent invention be defined by reading into any claim a limitationfound herein that does not explicitly appear in the claim itself.

Thus, for example, any sequence(s) and/or temporal order of steps ofvarious processes or methods that are described herein are illustrativeand not restrictive. Accordingly, it should be understood that, althoughsteps of various processes or methods may be shown and described asbeing in a sequence or temporal order, the steps of any such processesor methods are not limited to being carried out in any particularsequence or order, absent an indication otherwise. Indeed, the steps insuch processes or methods generally may be carried out in variousdifferent sequences and orders while still falling within the scope ofthe present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that the scope ofpatent protection afforded the present invention is to be defined by theappended claims rather than the description set forth herein.

Additionally, it is important to note that each term used herein refersto that which the Ordinary Artisan would understand such term to meanbased on the contextual use of such term herein. To the extent that themeaning of a term used herein—as understood by the Ordinary Artisanbased on the contextual use of such term—differs in any way from anyparticular dictionary definition of such term, it is intended that themeaning of the term as understood by the Ordinary Artisan shouldprevail.

Furthermore, it is important to note that, as used herein, “a” and “an”each generally denotes “at least one,” but does not exclude a pluralityunless the contextual use dictates otherwise. Thus, reference to “apicnic basket having an apple” describes “a picnic basket having atleast one apple” as well as “a picnic basket having apples.” Incontrast, reference to “a picnic basket having a single apple” describes“a picnic basket having only one apple.”

When used herein to join a list of items, “or” denotes “at least one ofthe items,” but does not exclude a plurality of items of the list. Thus,reference to “a picnic basket having cheese or crackers” describes “apicnic basket having cheese without crackers”, “a picnic basket havingcrackers without cheese”, and “a picnic basket having both cheese andcrackers.” Finally, when used herein to join a list of items, “and”denotes “all of the items of the list.” Thus, reference to “a picnicbasket having cheese and crackers” describes “a picnic basket havingcheese, wherein the picnic basket further has crackers,” as well asdescribes “a picnic basket having crackers, wherein the picnic basketfurther has cheese.”

Referring now to the drawings, in which like numerals represent likecomponents throughout the several views, the preferred embodiments ofthe present invention are next described. The following description ofthe preferred embodiment(s) is merely exemplary in nature and is in noway intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.

FIGS. 1-6 are various views of a ducted exhaust equipment enclosure 10in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Moreparticularly, FIG. 1 is a rear isometric view of such a ducted exhaustequipment enclosure 10, and FIGS. 2-6 are a left plan view, rear planview, front plan view, top plan view and bottom plan view, respectively,of the ducted exhaust equipment enclosure of FIG. 1 . As shown therein,the ducted exhaust equipment enclosure 10 includes a four post framestructure 12 having panels 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, more fully describedhereinbelow, partially enclosing the enclosure 10, attached thereto andan exhaust air duct 14 extending upwardly from the top of the enclosure10.

The four post frame structure 12 may be of conventional design andconstruction. As shown and described, the four post frame structure 12includes four vertical support posts 16, upper and lower front crossmembers 18, upper and lower rear cross members 20 and two pairs of upperand lower side cross members 22. Each vertical support post 16 includesa plurality of cross member attachment apertures at each end. Two of thevertical support posts 16 are connected together at their upper andlower ends by the upper and lower front cross members 18, respectively,and the other two support posts 16 are connected together at their upperand lower ends by the upper and lower rear cross members 20,respectively. The front cross members 18 and their respective supportposts 16 thus define a front frame 24, and the rear cross members 20 andtheir respective support posts 16 define a rear frame 26. The front andrear frames 24, 26 may then be connected together at their respectivecorners by the upper and lower side cross members 22.

Any known connection means may be used to join the various memberstogether. One example of such a connection means is illustrated in FIGS.1-6 . Although not illustrated herein, at least one other example ofconventional connection means is described in commonly-assigned U.S.Pat. No. 6,185,098, the entirety of which is incorporated herein byreference. Although likewise not illustrated herein, the precision andthe stability of each of the corners of at least some types of four postframe structures may be enhanced by utilizing a self-squaring cornerattachment bracket such as that disclosed by the commonly-assigned U.S.Pat. No. 5,997,117 entitled “RACK FRAME CABINET,” the entirety of whichis hereby incorporated by reference.

It will be evident to the Ordinary Artisan that other structures may beused to form a frame structure on which panels may be mounted to form anenclosure. For example, in at least one embodiment (not illustrated), aframe structure may be formed from only two support posts.

FIG. 7 is a left side cross-sectional view of the ducted exhaustequipment enclosure 10 of FIG. 1 , taken along the line 7-7. As perhapsbest seen in FIG. 7 , the four post frame structure 12 further comprisesthree pairs of horizontal mounting rails 28. Each horizontal mountingrail 28 includes a slot running substantially its entire length. Inaddition, three pairs of vertical mounting rails 30 are mounted to thehorizontal mounting rails 28 using suitable fasteners held in place inthe slots of the horizontal mounting rails 28. Each vertical mountingrail 30 preferably includes a series of threaded mounting apertures,arranged in evenly-spaced sets, extending along substantially its entirelength for use in mounting electronic components, peripheral devices,cable brackets, additional mounting members, or the like thereto. It iscontemplated that the number of horizontal and vertical mounting railsis variable. For example, an enclosure may include two horizontalmounting rails and two vertical mounting rails. Further, although thenumber of horizontal mounting rails is equal to the number of verticalmounting rails in the two examples mentioned herein, it is not necessarythat the number of mounting rails be equal. It is further contemplatedthat, alternatively, each horizontal mounting rail may include one ormore rows of mounting apertures extending along its length.

With particular reference to FIGS. 1 and 6 , the enclosure 10 includes aright panel 32, a left panel 34, a bottom panel 36, a top panel 38 and aback panel 40, all attached to the frame structure 12, which partiallyenclose the enclosure 10. The right and left panels 32, 34 are similarlydimensioned and the bottom and top panels 36, 38 are similarlydimensioned, though differently constructed. As is shown in FIG. 4 , afront of the enclosure 10 is open, therefore, the enclosure 10 is notcompletely enclosed. In a contemplated variation, the enclosure 10 mayinclude a perforated or ventilated front panel (not illustrated). TheOrdinary Artisan will understand that either variation of a front panelis operative to provide a path for air to enter the enclosure 10 forcooling the components contained therein. Further, although in theillustrated arrangement the back panel 40 is, in fact, a lockable door,it will be evident to the Ordinary Artisan that alternatively othertypes of doors and panels may be substituted for the various panels, andthat one or more of the illustrated panels (such as one or both sidepanels 32, 34) may in some cases be omitted altogether (such as in a rowof two or more adjoining enclosures 10). It is, however, preferred thatthe back panel be solid, i.e., substantially air impervious, so thatheated air is prevented from escaping through the door as furtherdescribed hereinbelow. Any known connection means may be used to jointhe panels to the frame structure 12, including the back door panel 40.

With reference to FIG. 5 , the top panel 38 of the enclosure 10 includesa rectangular shaped opening 42 disposed adjacent the rear of theenclosure 10. The opening 42 is an exhaust opening and is intended toprovided an outlet for air being exhausted from the enclosure 10, asfurther described hereinbelow.

As perhaps best seen in FIG. 1 , the opening 42 of the top panel 38 issurrounded by, and in fluid communication with, the exhaust air duct 14.FIG. 8 is an isometric view of the exhaust air duct 14 of FIG. 1 . Theexhaust air duct 14 is generally rectangular in cross-section and hasfour generally planar panels 54, 56 of substantially similar lengthforming a body thereof. The width of the front and rear panels 54 isselected to correspond to the width of the enclosure 10, with the widthbeing as wide as possible and still be mountable to the top of theenclosure 10. The width of the side panels 56 of the exhaust air duct 14are dependent on the length or depth of the enclosure 10 and in somecases the distance between the rear of equipment mounted inside and therear of the enclosure 10. The panels 54, 56 are preferably constructedof a smooth, stiff material providing a low-restriction exhaust air duct14 that is self-supporting. Examples include, but are not limited to,aluminum or steel of a sufficient gauge to permit self-support.Significantly, unlike corrugated air ducts, the smooth nature of thematerial provides a surface that encourages, rather than hinders airflow. The exhaust air duct 14 is open at a bottom and top thereof toallow for unencumbered air passage there through. The rectangularcross-section and large size of the exhaust air duct 14 provides for aconsiderably larger cross-section than that of conventional cylindricalexhaust air ducts, and thus much greater flow-through. Further, thecross-section of the exhaust air duct 14 is therefore substantially thesame as that of the top panel opening 42 to allow air to flow from thetop panel opening 42 through the exhaust air duct 14 withoutencountering any obstruction. The exhaust air duct 14 segregates the hotexhaust air from cool air entering the enclosure 10 by directing it upand away from the enclosure 10.

Front and back panels 54 of the exhaust air duct 14 include flanges 58at side edges thereof. The flanges 58 of the front and back panels 54fold around side edges of the right and left panels 56 at the corners ofthe rectangular shaped exhaust air duct 14. Any known connection means,such as screws, may be used to join the exhaust air duct panels 54, 56using the flanges 58 of the front and back panels 54. This arrangementfurther improves the rigidity of the exhaust air duct 14.

Each of the panels 54, 56 of the exhaust air duct 14 has an additionalflange 46 at a bottom edge 48 thereof for attachment to the top panel 38of the enclosure 10 around a rim 50 of the top panel opening 42.Furthermore, a top edge 52 of the exhaust air duct 14 may be connectedto a room's return air duct, as shown schematically in FIG. 25 . As willbe evident to the Ordinary Artisan, it may be desirable to includeadditional features at the top edge 52 of the duct 14, such as amounting flange (not shown) extending around the periphery thereof, tofacilitate such connection. However, the self-supporting nature of theexhaust air duct 14 enables it to be positioned upright without anysupport from such a return air duct. Still more preferably, the heightof exhaust air duct 14 may be adjustable for use in rooms with varyingceiling heights. In order to facilitate such adjustability, the exhaustair duct 14 may have a telescoping design or some other design capableof adjustability. Such adjustability may be further enhanced by theself-supporting nature of the exhaust air duct 14. In contrast,conventional air ducts must be attached at either end to a supportbecause they are not self-supporting, therefore, conventional air ductslose the freedom of adjustability that is available in the exhaust airduct 14 of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an isometric view of an exemplary telescoping exhaust air duct98, for use with the ducted exhaust equipment enclosure 10 of FIG. 1 ,in accordance with one or more preferred embodiments of the presentinvention. The telescoping duct 98 comprises two duct sections 100, 102having a somewhat similar construction to that described above for theexhaust air duct 14. More particularly, both duct sections 100, 102 areopen-ended and have a rectangular cross-section defined by front andback panels and left and right panels. The telescoping duct 98 includesa first duct section 100 with a rectangular cross-section that isslightly smaller in cross-section than a second duct section 102, withinwhich the first duct section 100 nests. The telescoping duct 98preferably includes a means for fixing the total height of the duct 98once it has been adjusted, i.e., once the relation of the first ductsection 100 to the second duct section 102 has been decided. In thepresent embodiment, each of two opposing panels of the first ductsection 100 includes a pair of openings (not shown), with each openingbeing disposed near opposite lower corners of the panels. These openingsmay be disposed in front and back panels or left and right panels,depending on the orientation of the telescoping duct 98 when it isinstalled in the enclosure 10. Each of two opposing panels of the secondduct section 102 includes a pair of columns of openings 106, preferablyevenly-spaced, that are disposed near side edges of the panels. When thetelescoping duct 98 is assembled, the opposing panels of the first ductsection 100 having the pair of openings described above are aligned withthe opposing panels of the second duct section 102 having the columns ofcorresponding openings 106. In this arrangement, the openings of thefirst duct section 100 may be adjusted vertically until the openings arealigned with a desired set of openings 106 of the second duct section102. Thus, the first duct section 100 may be moved upwardly ordownwardly, thereby increasing or decreasing the height of thetelescoping duct 98, until the desired height is reached. At this point,the four openings of the first duct section 100 should be aligned withfour openings 106 of the second duct section 102 that lie in the samehorizontal plane. Bolts or other fasteners 208, or some other similarlyfunctioning connection means (such as a spring-loaded pin or the like)may be inserted through the aligned openings of the first 100 and secondduct sections 102 to fix the height of the telescoping duct 98. If it issubsequently desired to adjust the height, the bolts 208 may be removedand the first duct section 100 slid upwardly or downwardly until the newdesired height is reached.

In the telescoping duct 98, the second duct section 102 may include aflange 210 at bottom edges of the opposing panels that do not have thecolumns of openings 106. The telescoping duct 98 may be connected to theenclosure 10 using the flanges 210. In addition, the panels that includethe columns of openings 106 may have a bottom edge that extends slightlylower than the bottom edges of the other panels. These bottom edges mayextend into the opening 42 of the top panel 38 of the enclosure 10. Aswill be evident to the Ordinary Artisan, the dispositions of theseelements may be changed as desired.

FIG. 10 is an isometric view of another exemplary telescoping exhaustair duct 198, for use with the ducted exhaust equipment enclosure 10 ofFIG. 1 , in accordance with one or more preferred embodiments of thepresent invention. The telescoping duct 198 comprises two duct sections200, 202 whose construction has some similarities to that describedabove for the exhaust air duct 14. More particularly, both duct sections200, 202 are open-ended and have a rectangular cross-section defined byfront and back panels and left and right panels. The lower duct section202 has a rectangular cross-section that is slightly smaller incross-section than the upper duct section 200, within which the lowerduct section 202 nests. The telescoping duct 198 preferably includes ameans for fixing the total height of the duct 198 once it has beenadjusted, i.e., once the relation of the upper duct section 200 to thelower duct section 202 has been decided. Thus, the upper duct section200 may be moved upwardly or downwardly relative to the lower ductsection 202, thereby increasing or decreasing the height of thetelescoping duct 198, until the desired height is reached. That andother features of the telescoping duct 198 of FIG. 10 are furtherdescribed hereinbelow.

FIG. 11 is an isometric view of the telescoping exhaust air duct 198shown installed on the ducted exhaust equipment enclosure 10 of FIG. 1 .With reference to FIG. 5 , the duct 198 is installed on the top of theenclosure 10 such that the rectangular shaped opening 42, arranged inthe top panel 38 of the enclosure 10 adjacent the rear thereof, issurrounded by, and in fluid communication with, the exhaust air duct 14.The duct 198 is thus disposed adjacent the rear of the enclosure 10, andbecause of the correspondence of its size and shape to that of the topor footprint of the enclosure 10, the duct 198 thus occupies a verylarge proportion of the rear area of the enclosure top. It will beappreciated that the front area of the top panel 38 of the enclosure 10may include one or more cable openings for routing cables from theinterior of the enclosure 10 up through the top panel 38. In theparticular arrangement shown in FIG. 11 , four small circular cableopenings and one larger rectangular cable opening (not numbered) areshown, but other numbers and types of cable openings are likewisepossible.

FIG. 12 is a partially exploded isometric view of some of the elementsof the upper duct section 200 of the telescoping exhaust air duct 198 ofFIG. 10 , while FIG. 13 is a partially exploded isometric view of someof the elements of the lower duct section 202 of the telescoping exhaustair duct 198 of FIG. 10 , and FIG. 14 is an enlarged, partially explodedisometric view of portions of the elements of FIG. 13 . With referenceto FIG. 10 , the upper duct section 200 includes two pairs of panels212, 213 connected together by corner fittings 216. Each panel 212, 213,which may be constructed from sheet metal, plastic laminate, plastic, orthe like, or combinations thereof, preferably includes a series ofraised bosses 220 along each of its lateral edges. Similarly, the lowerduct section 202 includes two pairs of panels 222, 223 connectedtogether by corner fittings 216, and each panel 222, 223, which likewisemay be constructed from sheet metal, plastic laminates, plastic, or thelike, or combinations thereof, preferably includes a series of raisedbosses 220, perhaps best shown in FIG. 14 , along each of its lateraledges. Each of the panels 222, 223 of the lower duct section preferablyalso includes one or more mounting apertures 218 along its base.

FIG. 15 is a side cross-sectional view of one of the panels 212 of theupper duct section 200. As shown therein, the upper edge of the panel212 includes an outwardly flared portion 246 on which a top seal orgasket 248 is mounted. In particular, the outwardly flared portion 246is angled relative to the rest of the panel 212, but alternatively maybe more gradually flared, angled, curved or the like. Furthermore, in atleast one alternative embodiment, the upper edge of the panel 212 is notflared, but the top seal (not shown) mounted thereon is flared. A bottomseal 250 is mounted along the lower edge of the panel 212. Viewed fromone end, each seal 248, 250 includes two fingers 252, 254 that define achannel into which fits a respective edge of the panel 212. One finger254 is hooked to fit over and engage a series of outwardly-extendingtabs 256 along a respective upper or lower edge of the panel 212.Referring to FIG. 10 , the top seals 248 are angled at their ends in theform of a miter edge such that each top seal 248 fits against the topseals 248 on the sides of the upper duct section 200 that are adjacentto it. The bottom seals 250 are sized to fit close to the corner locks238, described below. All of the seals 248, 250 are generally intendedto close off air gaps, either between the lower duct section 202 and theupper duct section 200 or between the upper duct section 200 and theceiling or other structure above the enclosure 10 on which thetelescoping duct 198 is mounted. The top seals 248, at least, are atleast partially flexible and thus may be flexed as necessary to fit orbutt against an uneven or misaligned ceiling or ceiling duct. Gaps inthe upper corners, which may exist between the ends of the top seals 248and the upper corners of the panels 212, 213, may be closed using asmall plastic filler piece 258 (shown in FIG. 10 ) or the like.

FIGS. 16 and 17 are an end plan view and an end cross-sectional view,respectively, of one of the corner fittings 216 of FIG. 10 . In at leastsome embodiments, each corner fitting 216 is of identical construction.As shown in FIGS. 16 and 17 , each corner fitting 216 includes twofinger arrays 214 connected together by a hinge 224. Each finger array214 includes a guide finger 226, a latch finger 228 and a clamp finger230. The guide finger 226 preferably includes a flexible finger tip 232disposed at the end of a rigid portion. The guide finger 226 and latchfinger 228 together define a panel channel 234 into which the lateraledge of a panel 212, 213, 222, 223 may be inserted. The latch finger 228includes a hook 236 adapted to fit over the raised bosses 220 on theedge of any of the panels 212, 213, 222, 223 and thereby retain thepanel edge in the channel 234. Preferably, each corner fitting 216 isformed in a co-extrusion process using flexible polyvinyl chloride(“PVC”) for the flexible finger tips 232 and the central hinge 224 andrigid PVC for all other portions.

FIG. 18 is an enlarged end view of a portion of the telescoping exhaustair duct 198 of FIG. 10 . As shown therein, each corner fitting 216connects two panels 212, 213 or 222, 223 together. The lateral edge ofeach panel fits snugly into a respective panel channel 234 (identifiedin FIGS. 16 and 17 ) defined between a guide finger 226 and the latchfinger 228 adjacent thereto. The panel is retained in the channel 234not only by the friction of the guide and latch fingers 226, 228 but bythe hook 236 at the end of the latch finger 228, which, when the panelis seated properly within the channel 234, fits over the line of raisedbosses 220.

With the corner fittings 216 in place on the edges of the panels 212,213, 222, 223, the two duct sections 200, 202 may be assembled byinserting the lower duct section 202 within the upper duct section 200.In order to accomplish this, the guide fingers 226 on the cornerfittings 216 of the upper duct section 200 make contact with the latchfingers 228 on the corner fittings 216 of the lower duct section,thereby causing the guide fingers 226 of the upper duct section 200, andparticularly the finger tips 232, to be deflected slightly as shown inFIG. 18 . This helps provide a snug fit between the respective cornerfittings 216 but still permits the upper duct section 200 to betelescoped relative to the lower duct section 202 to a desired length.

FIG. 19 is an enlarged isometric view of a portion of the telescopingexhaust air duct 198 of FIG. 10 . In particular, FIG. 19 illustrates oneof four corner locks 238 in its disposition at the lower end of one ofthe corner fittings 216 on the upper duct section 200. The same cornerlock 238 is shown in FIG. 20 , which is an enlarged cross-sectional viewof a portion of the telescoping exhaust air duct 198 of FIG. 19 , takenalong line 20-20. As shown in FIGS. 19 and 20 , the corner lock 238includes a main body 240, a lock plate 242, and a lock screw 244. Thelock screw 244 is received in a threaded insert 243 carried in anopening penetrating the main body 240 such that the head of the screw244 is accessible from the outside of the main body 240, as shown inFIG. 19 , and the distal end of the screw 244 is received and held inthe lock plate 242. The corner lock 238 is coupled to one of the cornerfittings 216 on the lower duct section 202 by loosening the lock screw244 and positioning the lock plate 242 within the space or channelcreated between the hinge 224 and the clamp fingers 230 of the lowercorner fitting 216, as shown in FIG. 20 . With the lock plate 242 inposition, the lock screw 244 may be tightened to clamp the clamp fingers230 of the lower corner fitting 216 between the lock plate 242 and aninner surface of the main body 240 of the corner lock 238.

Once all four corner locks 238 are properly coupled to the lower cornerfittings 216, the upper duct section 200 may be telescoped relative tothe lower duct section 202 by loosening the lock screws 244 in all fourcorner locks 238, sliding the upper corner fittings 216, including thecorner locks 238, relative to the lower corner fittings 216, andtightening the lock screws 244 to secure the corner locks 238 to thelower corner fittings 216 once more. In this way, the upper duct section200 may be precisely extended any desired amount from the top of thelower duct section 202, thereby providing infinite adjustability alongthe extent of the upper and lower corner fittings 216.

With reference to FIGS. 10 and 11 , one or more angle brackets 210 maybe utilized to attach the lower duct section 202 to the top of theenclosure 10. One member of each angle bracket 210 may be attached to anupper side cross member 22, the top panel 38 or another part of the topof the enclosure 10, while the other member of the angle bracket 210 maybe attached to the bottom of the one of the panels 223 of the lower ductsection 202 using the apertures 218 provided for that purpose. It is notnecessary for all four sides of the lower duct section 202 to beattached to the enclosure 10.

As described previously and illustrated in FIGS. 16 and 17 , each cornerfitting 216 includes a central hinge 224. FIGS. 21A-21D are a series ofend views of one of the duct sections 200, 202 of FIG. 10 , illustratingits collapsibility feature. More particularly, FIG. 21A is an end viewof the lower duct section 202, shown in its normal use position, whileFIG. 21B is an end view end view of the lower duct section 202illustrating its partial collapse, FIG. 21C is an end view of the lowerduct section 202 illustrating its complete collapse, and FIG. 21D is anend view of the lower duct section 202, shown in its completelycollapsed position. The central hinges 224 of the various cornerfittings 216 permit the lower duct section 202 (as well as the upperduct section 200), which takes the form in this respect of aparallelogram, to be collapsed completely to a relatively flat state,shown in FIG. 21D. This feature advantageously permits each duct section200, 202 to be assembled at the point of manufacturing, placed in itscompletely collapsed state, and shipped flat to its destination, whereit may be expanded to its normal use position by an installer or user.Each duct section 200, 202 may be readied for installation by rotationor manipulation of the respective panels about the central hinges 224 toplace the duct section in the use state shown in FIG. 21A. It will beappreciated that similar construction may be utilized to provide asingle (non-extendible) duct section that may likewise be collapsed forshipment or the like and opened or expanded for use.

FIGS. 8, 9 and 10 thus illustrate three different exhaust air ducts 14,98, 198, but only the first and third of the three are illustratedinstalled on top of an enclosure 10. Nonetheless, in the descriptionsthat follow, it will be appreciated that in at least some embodiments,any of the latter two telescoping exhaust air ducts 98, 198 may besubstituted for the first exhaust air duct 14 without departing from thescope of the present invention. Thus, although only the first air duct14 is further described in use hereinbelow, it will be understood thatthe following descriptions are equally applicable to the other air ducts98, 198 unless otherwise indicated.

Because of the positioning of the exhaust air duct 14 on the enclosure10, the back panel 54 thereof is nearly vertically aligned with avertical plane of the back panel 40 of the enclosure 10. Further,because the rectangular shape of the exhaust air duct 10 is similar tothe rectangular shape of the back of the enclosure 10, exhaust air flowsfreely through the exhaust air duct 14. In contrast, in a conventionalcylindrical exhaust air duct, air from the back of the angularly shapedenclosure, particularly the corners of the enclosure, must take atortuous and winding path in order to exit the server enclosure. Thisrelatively complex air flow scheme decreases the rate at which and theamount of air that may exit the enclosure. Further because therectangular exhaust air duct 14 is similar in shape to the back of theenclosure 10 itself, it can be made larger in cross-section thanconventional cylindrical ducts, thus allowing for more airflow throughthe exhaust air duct 14. This is illustrated in FIG. 22 , which is aschematic diagram illustrating a top view of a cylindrical exhaust duct314 mounted on the top panel 338 of an enclosure. As shown therein,corner areas 370 of the top panel 338 block the free flow of air out ofthe top of the enclosure. Accordingly, the rectangular cross-section ofthe exhaust air duct 14 facilitates increased transfer of thermal energyfrom the enclosure 10 in comparison to conventional enclosures withconventional exhaust air ducts 14 because of the increased exhaust airflow rate and the decreased resistance to flow permitted by the size,shape and smooth panels of the rectangular exhaust air duct 14. Thesebenefits are particularly well-achieved when the width of the topopening 42 is at least 75% as wide as the width of the top panel 38,and/or when the front-to-back depth of the top opening 42 is at least30% as deep as the front-to-back depth of the top panel 38, is moreparticularly well-achieved when the width of the top opening 42 is atleast 80% as wide as the width of the top panel 38, and/or when thefront-to-back depth of the top opening 42 is at least 35% as deep as thefront-to-back depth of the top panel 38, and even more particularlywell-achieved when the width of the top opening 42 is at least 85% aswide as the width of the top panel 38, and/or when the front-to-backdepth of the top opening 42 is at least 40% as deep as the front-to-backdepth of the top panel 38.

As shown in FIG. 26 (described below), the exhaust air duct 14 may beconnected to a room's exhaust air removal system, which commonlyincludes a return air duct. However, the exhaust air duct 14 does nothave to be connected to a return air duct. The enclosure 10 may ventdirectly into the room into which the enclosure 10 is placed. Thisapproach is more useful in rooms that have high ceilings into which tovent the hot air, however, the natural buoyancy of hot air will keep thehot vented air at or near the top of the room into which it is vented.

The enclosure 10 may be used in connection with a hot aisle/cold aisleconfiguration of a data center or computer room. If a series ofenclosures 10 are arranged in a row in such configuration, the exhaustair ducts 14 form a vertical wall rising from the tops of the enclosures10 due to their size and shape. This vertical wall may serve as abarrier to recirculation, thereby improving the performance of the hotaisle/cold aisle thermal system.

As seen in FIG. 7 , the enclosure 10 may also include an air flowdirector or air diverter 60 located near the bottom of the enclosure 10and generally directly beneath the opening 42 for the exhaust air duct14. FIG. 23 is a front orthogonal view of the air diverter 60 of FIG. 7. As shown therein, the air diverter 60 comprises a planar panel 62having a series of creases or bends therein so as to create a generallyscoop-shaped structure. Preferably, the creases or bends are generallyregularly spaced such that cross-section of the structure approximatesan arc, as evident from FIG. 7 . Of course, it will be evident to theOrdinary Artisan that alternatively the structure may, in fact, have auniformly curved (non-planar) cross-section, but the use of a planarpanel 62 that is bent or creased to approximate an arc cross-section mayimprove manufacturability. Further, it will be evident that while thepresent embodiment comprises a generally curved structure, it isimportant to note that the air diverter 60 may comprise any shape thatcreates a scoop effect for air flowing through the enclosure 10.

The air diverter 60 has a width that at its maximum is substantially thesame as the distance between the horizontal mounting rails 28. The airdiverter 60 includes a pair of wing elements 80 disposed opposite oneanother on opposite side edges of the air diverter 60. The wing elements80 extend beyond the side edges of the air diverter 60 such that theyessentially span the entire distance between the horizontal mountingrails 28. A bottom edge 64 of the air diverter 60 has a flange 66 forconnecting the air diverter 60 to the bottom panel 36 of the enclosure10. Any known connection means may be used to join the air diverter 60to the bottom panel 36 of the enclosure 10. Alternatively, the airdiverter 60 may be left unfastened to the bottom panel 36, therebypermitting the air diverter 60 to be relocated forward or backward fromthe location illustrated in FIG. 7 . If left unfastened, it is useful toinclude means for preventing the air diverter 60 from being rotatedupward by the forces applied by cables as described hereinbelow. Onesuch means is a small protuberance 81 that may be included on the wingelements and that hooks underneath the horizontal mounting rails 28 towhich the diverter 60 is attached as described below.

The air diverter 60 further includes a “U”-shaped channel member 68disposed at a top edge 70 thereof. The channel member 68 includes a topsurface 72 and two side surfaces 74 extending from the top surface 72.One of the side surfaces 74 is attached to the top edge 70 of the airdiverter 60. The channel member 68 is arranged such that the top surface72 thereof extends away from a front surface 76 of the air diverter 60.The channel member 68 provides rigidity for the air diverter 60.

The channel member 68 also serves another purpose, as next described. Ascan be seen in FIG. 7 , the enclosure 10 includes a cable openings 96located behind and beneath the air diverter 60 and in the top panel 38.Cables (not shown) used to power components or supply data to or fromcomponents stored in the enclosure 10 can be routed through the cableopenings 96. In particular, it is contemplated that a substantial numberof cables may be disposed between the back panel 40 of the enclosure 10and the air diverter 60, and in fact, the back of the air diverter 60may aid in forcing the cables toward the rear of the enclosure 10. Suchcables may exert a considerable amount of tension on the back of the airdiverter and particularly on the uppermost and/or rearmost surfaces ofthe channel member 68. If these surfaces are rough, they couldpotentially cause considerable chafing on the surfaces of the cables,thereby damaging them. Advantageously, because the distal edge of thechannel member 68 is pointed downward, the cables instead make contactwith the relatively smooth surfaces of the top and side surfaces 72, 74,thereby protecting the cables from damage. In this regard, in at leastone alternative embodiment (not illustrated), the channel member 68 maybe replaced by an arcuate member that provides a minimum radius ofcurvature, thereby preventing cables from being bent unnecessarily.

The air diverter 60 further includes a pair of connection tabs 78disposed on the wing elements 80 thereof. The wing elements 80 aregenerally positioned at a height corresponding to the elevation of thelowermost horizontal mounting rail 28 within the enclosure 10, and thetabs 78 therefore provide a means for the air diverter 60 to beconnected to a pair of horizontal mounting rails 28 of the enclosure 10using the mounting rail slots, described previously and visible in FIG.7 . Further, any known connection means may be used to connect the airdiverter 60 to the bottom panel 36 of the enclosure 10 as desired.

Notably, although not shown, because the wing elements 80 extend outfrom the side edges of the air diverter 60, the vertical mounting rails30 may alternatively be disposed between the side edges of the airdiverter 60 and the horizontal mounting rails 28 in the inset areas 83,85 located above and below the wing elements 80. Thus, the verticalmounting rails may be arranged by a user at nearly any location alongthe horizontal mounting rails 28 from the front to the back of theenclosure 10, other than where the wing elements 80 are present. Thelower inset area 85 also provides another function, in that cablesentering the bottom of the enclosure 10 may be routed forward almostimmediately after entering the enclosure using the space provided by thelower inset area 85. In the absence of such a space, cables would haveto be routed up and over the wing elements, thus making the cablesunnecessarily long.

In use, the ducted exhaust equipment enclosure 10 is typically, thoughnot always, installed on a raised floor 82. FIG. 24 is a rear isometricview of the ducted exhaust equipment enclosure 10 of FIG. 1 , showninstalled on a raised floor 82, and FIG. 25 is a side cross-sectionalview of the ducted exhaust equipment enclosure 10 of FIG. 24 , takenalong the line 25-25. The raised floor 82 includes a plurality of floorpanels or tiles 84 of standard size and conventional design, allsupported above the permanent floor at a desired height. The floor tiles84 conventionally include solid tiles as well as perforated orventilated tiles, the latter of which are designed to permit cool airsupplied from the space beneath the floor 82, commonly referred to asthe raised floor plenum, to flow therethrough. In particular, aventilated tile may be located directly in front of the enclosure 10 toprovide the most direct path to the interior of the enclosure and theair intakes for the equipment 86 located inside. Further, although notspecifically illustrated herein, the area directly underneath such anenclosure 10 is often left fully or partially open by eliminating one ormore tiles 84, by using tiles 84 with large openings therein, or byusing tiles 84 that are less than full-size.

FIG. 26 is a schematic illustration of a series of ducted exhaustequipment enclosures 10 showing cool air flowing in and hot return airflowing out. As shown in FIGS. 24 and 25 , once one or more enclosures10 are installed on the raised floor 82, electronic equipment 86 isinstalled in the various equipment enclosures 10, typically by attachingthe equipment 86 to the vertical mounting rails 30, and operatednormally. As described previously, the equipment 86 generatesconsiderable thermal energy while it operates. The thermal energy iscarried by air currents which may be forced or forcibly drawn out of therear of the various active pieces of equipment 86 by internal fans (notshown), often supplemented by separate fans (not shown) mounted in or onthe enclosures 10. The air-impervious rear door 40 prevents heated airfrom escaping out the rear of the enclosure 10 where it would mix withcool air outside and be drawn back through the enclosures 10. Heated airnear the bottom of each enclosure 10 is further redirected upward by theair diverters 60. The heated air is then exhausted through the exhaustair ducts 14 as represented by arrows 90, and into the return air duct92. Once there, the heated air is handled by the CRAC, sometimes incombination with additional ducts, fans, partitions, and/or otherequipment (not shown).

At the same time, cool air, represented by arrows 94, flows up throughthe perforated tiles 84 and in through the front of the enclosure 10,thereby facilitating the flow of air through the enclosure 10 andcooling the equipment 86 mounted therein. Although not shown, cool airis often also guided through the openings directly beneath the enclosure10. Care must be taken to force such air to the front of the equipment86 to avoid letting it escape immediately up the back of the enclosure10.

Thus, the ducted exhaust equipment enclosure 10 allows the components 86stored therein to draw the required volume of air through the enclosure10, and then directs the exhaust out of and away from the enclosure 10thereby eliminating the problem of air recirculation. The ducted exhaustequipment enclosure 10 segregates hot exhaust air by directing it up anexhaust air duct 14 at the top rear of the enclosure 10. This approachdelivers enhanced cooling of components resulting in a more efficientuse of available cool air and better overall heat transfer away fromcomponents.

Preferably, and as shown in FIG. 26 , the exhaust air duct 14 isconnected to a drop ceiling return air plenum. However, this is notnecessary where high ceilings can offer sufficient clearance for thereturn air to stratify above the cold air in the room.

Several benefits become obvious with this architecture. For example,enclosures 10 do not have to be oriented front-to-front and back-to-backalong hot aisle/cold aisle rows, as they do with conventional hotaisle/cold aisle arrangements. This freedom allows enclosurearrangements to be driven by other infrastructure requirements. Inaddition, up to 100% of the exposed floor can be perforated. Perforatedtiles 84 can be located anywhere in the room. Using ducted exhaustequipment enclosures 10 allows the entire data center to be cold, i.e.,no more hot zones. Cold intake air can be pulled from anywhere in theroom. An enclosure 10 no longer has to obtain all of the airflow neededfrom the raised floor tile directly in front or adjacent to it. As such,airflow balancing issues are significantly reduced, if not, alleviated.By enabling cold air to be delivered through 100% of the tile in theraised floor 82, it is contemplated that the airflow available to anygiven enclosure 10 can be doubled thereby doubling the heat loadcapacity of the enclosure 10.

It is important to note that because the ducted exhaust equipmentenclosures can be used in data centers both with raised floors 82 orwithout raised floors 82, they are extremely versatile. The ductedexhaust equipment enclosures 10 can be used in rooms with or without araised floor 82 and can be partially or completely cooled using a raisedfloor plenum or by an alternative cooling means such as ducts within adata center. Accordingly, the following scenarios are possible with theducted exhaust equipment enclosures: 1) a data center wherein cold airis supplied using only a raised floor approach, 2) a data center whereinno raised floor is present and cold air is supplied using onlyalternative approaches to a raised floor, e.g., ducts in the room, 3) adata center wherein a raised floor 82 is present but cold air issupplied by ducts in the room, and 4) a data center wherein cold air ispartially supplied by ducts in the room and partially supplied by araised floor plenum.

Use of the ducted exhaust equipment enclosures 10 also creates theopportunity to deploy high density applications in a non-raised floorenvironment because cold air can be delivered directly into the roomrather than through a raised floor. In addition, the use of ductedexhaust equipment enclosures 10 avoids any dependency on booster fans,with the accompanying concerns over additional heat loads, fan failureand redundancy, thereby reducing the cost of equipping a data center.

In the process described above, each air diverter 60 reduces oreliminates eddies that would otherwise be present in the hot return airat the bottom rear of the enclosure 10. Such eddies can cause computercomponents mounted at the bottom of the enclosure 10 to operate at ahigher temperature than components mounted higher up in the enclosure10. The air diverter 60 reduces or eliminates such eddies by turning hotreturn air upward in the direction of primary flow of hot return air. Itis contemplated that intermediate half-scoop air diverters (not shown)may also be added at various vertical spacing locations along the backof the enclosure 10. These intermediate half-scoops of various sizes andshapes may be used to further improve air flow and air balance.Advantageously, although the exhaust air duct 14 may be used by itself,the various scoops help start the vertical flow of heated air up towardthe duct 14, thereby making it function more efficiently than if used byitself.

The enclosure 10 may include additional features to aid in airflowmanagement of the enclosure 10. One such feature is the inclusion ofmetal bracket seals 88 around the connection means used to connect theback door panel 40 to the enclosure 10. The seals 88 further ensure thatexhaust air exits the enclosure 10 via the exhaust air duct 14 ratherthan through small openings around the connection means or edges of thedoor. Further, foam or rubber gaskets (not shown) may be added to, ormay replace, the metal bracket seals 88 to create a further barrier toair release.

Another contemplated feature is a brush opening in the bottom panel 36of the enclosure 10. Often an enclosure will have an opening in thebottom panel thereof for receipt of cables that provide power and otherinput or output to the components stored in the enclosure.Unfortunately, air is able to flow freely through the opening therebyaltering the intended airflow scheme of the enclosure. It is possible toinclude a plurality of bristles extending inwardly from opposing sidesof the opening such that exterior ends of the bristles are touching. Thebristles essentially cover the opening thereby preventing air fromflowing there through. In the same instance, the cables are still ableto pass through the opening by displacing the bristles for their passagethere through. Although the brushes are not shown in FIG. 7 , it iscontemplated that the cable opening 96 of the enclosure 10 will be abrush opening.

Based on the foregoing information, it is readily understood by thosepersons skilled in the art that the present invention is susceptible ofbroad utility and application. Many embodiments and adaptations of thepresent invention other than those specifically described herein, aswell as many variations, modifications, and equivalent arrangements,will be apparent from or reasonably suggested by the present inventionand the foregoing descriptions thereof, without departing from thesubstance or scope of the present invention.

Accordingly, while the present invention has been described herein indetail in relation to its preferred embodiment, it is to be understoodthat this disclosure is only illustrative and exemplary of the presentinvention and is made merely for the purpose of providing a full andenabling disclosure of the invention. The foregoing disclosure is notintended to be construed to limit the present invention or otherwiseexclude any such other embodiments, adaptations, variations,modifications or equivalent arrangements; the present invention beinglimited only by the claims appended hereto and the equivalents thereof.Although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a genericand descriptive sense only and not for the purpose of limitation.

What is claimed is:
 1. An arrangement of ducted exhaust equipmentenclosures, comprising: (a) a row of electronic equipment enclosures,each including: (i) a frame structure formed from a plurality of supportposts and cross members, and (ii) a plurality of panels, including a toppanel, at least partially enclosing the frame structure and defining asingle compartment for mounting an electronic component, (iii) whereinthe top panel and upper portions of the frame structure forming a top ofthe electronic equipment enclosure, the electronic equipment enclosuretop having a rectangular opening therein and also an outer perimeter,and (iv) wherein the rectangular opening has a side side-to-side widththat is at least 75% of a side-to-side width of the electronic equipmentenclosure top perimeter; and (b) a row of exhaust air ducts, eachextending upward from a respective electronic equipment enclosure top,for exhausting hot air from the compartment of the respective electronicequipment enclosure, wherein: (i) at least a lower section of theexhaust air duct is rectangular in cross-section, (ii) the side-to-sidewidth of the exhaust air duct cross-section is substantially the same asthe side-to-side width of the rectangular opening in the electronicequipment enclosure top, and (iii) the lower section of the exhaust airduct is disposed in surrounding relation to, in fluid communicationwith, and aligned with, the opening in the electronic equipmentenclosure top such that an interior of the exhaust air duct is in directand unobstructed fluid communication with the interior of the singlecompartment; (c) wherein the exhaust air ducts form a vertical wallrising from the tops of the electronic equipment enclosures.
 2. Thearrangement of ducted exhaust equipment enclosures of claim 1, whereinthe side-to-side width of the rectangular opening in each electronicequipment enclosure top is at least 80% of the side-to-side width of theperimeter of the electronic equipment enclosure top.
 3. The arrangementof ducted exhaust equipment enclosures of claim 2, wherein theside-to-side width of the rectangular opening in each electronicequipment enclosure top is at least 85% of the side-to-side width of theperimeter of the electronic equipment enclosure top.
 4. The arrangementof ducted exhaust equipment enclosures of claim 1, wherein therectangular opening in each electronic equipment enclosure top isdisposed toward the rear of the compartment.
 5. The arrangement ofducted exhaust equipment enclosures of claim 4, wherein the rectangularopening in each electronic equipment enclosure top is disposed entirelyin a rear half of the electronic equipment enclosure top.
 6. Thearrangement of ducted exhaust equipment enclosures of claim 5, whereinthe rectangular opening in each respective electronic equipmentenclosure top has a front-to-back length, and wherein the front-to-backlength of the rectangular opening is at least 30% of the front-to-backlength of the perimeter of the respective electronic equipment enclosuretop.
 7. The arrangement of ducted exhaust equipment enclosures of claim6, wherein the front-to-back length of the rectangular opening in theelectronic equipment enclosure top is at least 35% of the front-to-backlength of the perimeter of the electronic equipment enclosure top. 8.The arrangement of ducted exhaust equipment enclosures of claim 7,wherein the front-to-back length of each rectangular opening is at least40% of the front-to-back length of the perimeter of the electronicequipment enclosure top.
 9. The arrangement of ducted exhaust equipmentenclosures of claim 1, wherein each electronic equipment enclosure has aback panel that is generally air-impervious to prevent heated air fromescaping therethrough.
 10. The arrangement of ducted exhaust equipmentenclosures of claim 1, wherein the side-to-side width of each exhaustair duct is selected to correspond to the width of the respectiveenclosure such that the width is as wide as possible and still bemountable to the top of the enclosure.
 11. The arrangement of ductedexhaust equipment enclosures of claim 1, wherein the lower section ofeach exhaust air duct has a bottom opening that is substantially thesame size and shape as a size and shape of the rectangular opening ofthe respective electronic equipment enclosure top.
 12. The arrangementof ducted exhaust equipment enclosures of claim 1, wherein a respectivenarrow portion of each electronic equipment enclosure top extends alongeach side of the rectangular opening.
 13. The arrangement of ductedexhaust equipment enclosures of claim 12, wherein the respective exhaustair duct is attached to the respective narrow portions of the electronicequipment enclosure top via mounting flanges attached directly thereto.14. The arrangement of ducted exhaust equipment enclosures of claim 1,wherein, in each electronic equipment enclosure, an air plenum isdefined by an interior of a back panel, interiors of side panels, and arear of equipment mounted in the enclosure, wherein the air plenumextends vertically within the enclosure, wherein the air plenum has aside-to-side width, and wherein the side-to-side width of therectangular opening is substantially as wide as the side-to-side widthof the air plenum.
 15. The arrangement of ducted exhaust equipmentenclosures of claim 14, wherein the rectangular opening in eachrespective electronic equipment enclosure top has a front-to-backlength, wherein the air plenum in the respective electronic equipmentenclosure has a front-to-back length, and wherein the front-to-backlength of the rectangular opening is substantially as long as thefront-to-back length of the air plenum.
 16. The arrangement of ductedexhaust equipment enclosures of claim 14, wherein the side-to-side widthof each exhaust air duct is substantially as wide as the side-to-sidewidth of the respective air plenum.
 17. An arrangement of ducted exhaustequipment enclosures, comprising: (a) a row of electronic equipmentenclosures, each including: (i) a frame structure formed from aplurality of support posts and cross members, the frame structure havinga front-to-back length and a side-to-side width, and (ii) a plurality ofpanels, including a top panel, at least partially enclosing the framestructure and defining a single compartment for mounting an electroniccomponent, (iii) wherein the top panel and upper portions of the framestructure forming a top of the electronic equipment enclosure, theelectronic equipment enclosure top having a rectangular opening thereinand also an outer perimeter, (iv) wherein the rectangular opening has aside side-to-side width that is at least 75% of a side-to-side width ofthe perimeter of the electronic equipment enclosure, and (v) an airplenum is formed behind a rear of equipment mounted in the enclosure,wherein the air plenum extends vertically within the enclosure, whereinthe air plenum has a side-to-side width, and wherein the side-to-sidewidth of the rectangular opening in the electronic equipment enclosuretop is substantially as wide as the side-to-side width of the airplenum; and (b) a row of exhaust air ducts, each extending upward from arespective electronic equipment enclosure top, for exhausting hot airfrom the compartment of the respective electronic equipment enclosure,wherein: (i) at least a lower section of the exhaust air duct isrectangular in cross-section, and (ii) the side-to-side width of theexhaust air duct cross-section is substantially the same as theside-to-side width of the rectangular opening in the electronicequipment enclosure top; and (c) wherein the exhaust air ducts form avertical wall rising from the tops of the electronic equipmentenclosures.
 18. The arrangement of ducted exhaust equipment enclosuresof claim 17, wherein a respective narrow portion of each electronicequipment enclosure top extends along each side of the respectiverectangular opening.
 19. The arrangement of ducted exhaust equipmentenclosures of claim 18, wherein each exhaust air duct is attached to therespective narrow portions of the electronic equipment enclosure top viamounting flanges attached directly thereto.
 20. The arrangement ofducted exhaust equipment enclosures of claim 17, wherein the rectangularopening in each respective electronic equipment enclosure top has afront-to-back length, and wherein the front-to-back length of therectangular opening is at least 30% of the front-to-back length of theperimeter of the respective electronic equipment enclosure top.